Historicaql Synergies 1. The Sumerians created a palace/temple -economy with a centralized over-ruling organization which controlled crop production and distribution of some goods. A centralized government was necessary because the Sumerians subsisted on crops which required centralized irrigation systems. So, the Sumerian religious temple economy…[Read more]

Walang alinlangan na ang mga emosyon ay napakahalaga at napakahalaga sa pagproseso ng data at impormasyon, gayundin sa pang-araw-araw na paggana ng tao. Eric Klinger, na ang kadalubhasaan ay sa personality psychology at motivation theory, ay nakatuon sa mga impluwensya ng motibasyon at damdamin sa katalusan. Iminumungkahi ni Klinger ang isang…[Read more]

Teorya ng Apat na Pangangailangan na [sapat] Nagpapaliwanag at Naglalarawan sa Relihiyon Ang Apat na Pangunahing Drive: Ang Pangangailangan para sa Kahulugan, Ang Pangangailangan sa Pag-aari, Ang Pangangailangan para sa Ideolohiya, at ang Espirituwal na Drive Ang aking argumento ay ang mga paniniwala sa relihiyon ay pangunahing nilikha at nabuo ng…[Read more]

This article re-analyses in detail the meaning of the expression ludi Graeci which appears in two of Cicero’s letters (Ad Fam. 7,1 and Ad Att. 15,5). A careful examination of the first instance reveals that ludi Graeci indeed referred to theatrical performances in Greek language and not merely to Latin plays that followed Greek models. A brief s…[Read more]

Revista RELACIONES, nº 470 – Julio de 2023 / Montevideo (Uruguay).
On the formation of the Christ myth and the ideologies that led to the birth of Christianity.
Sobre la formación del mito de Cristo y las ideologías que propiciaron el nacimiento del del cristianismo.

Revista RELACIONES, nº 470 – Julio de 2023 / Montevideo (Uruguay).
On the formation of the Christ myth and the ideologies that led to the birth of Christianity.
Sobre la formación del mito de Cristo y las ideologías que propiciaron el nacimiento del del cristianismo.

Four intense pages (Revista RELACIONES, Montevideo) in which an atheist materialist speaks in depth about Christianity, religion and the anthropological phenomenon of the sacred.

Entrevista a ELISEO FERRER, autor de SACRIFICIO Y DRAMA DEL REY SAGRADO.
A propósito del largo itinerario temporal de «la genealogía, la antropología y la his…[Read more]

The present article challenges Walter C. Kaiser, Jr’s influential proposal for evangelical Old Testament missiology. Out of concern to avoid an understanding of “Israel as God’s favored or pet nation,” Kaiser argues that God’s promise to Abraham in Gen 12:3 is for the sake of all nations, and as such, “the first Great Commission mandate of…[Read more]

At Christmas, Christians celebrate that Jesus was born on December 25 as the son of God andthe Virgin Mary. But this event is not unique. In this article, I show that the birth of Jesus hasseveral non-Christian predecessors, whereby various elements of the ritual dynamics have beenChristianized and implemented into the figure we know today as Jesus Christ.

In his introduction to The New Testament in the Original Greek, F. J. A. Hort laid out a taxonomy of evidence for text-critical judgments that is still followed today. In addition to the external evidence pertaining to the textual affinities, dates, and provenances of manuscripts, versions, and patristic quotations, he divided the internal…[Read more]

From 40 years of experience it is clear that spirituality has become entangled in abstractions: powers, perfection, supernatural, unreal, limitless knowledge, crystal ball perceptions, etc.
Dr Stephen Farra agreed with that – and went one better. Dr Farra stated “Our models are out reality. But our models are not reality. That coincides with the…[Read more]

Elodie Paillard, ‘Greek Theatre in Roman Italy: From Elite to Autocratic Performances’, in E. Csapo, H.R. Goette, J. R. Green, B. Le Guen, E. Paillard, J. Stoop, P. Wilson, Theatre and Autocracy in the Ancient World, De Gruyter, 2022

This book explores the staging of non-élite characters in the seven extant tragedies of Sophocles and how they related to contemporary middling citizens. The structure of fifth-century Athenian society underwent deep changes between the early and late plays of Sophocles. The appearance and growing political importance of a middling…[Read more]

Does “authorship” still have a place in the study of the Hebrew Bible? Historical criticism has long sought to uncover the human authors behind the biblical texts. But how might the “death of the author,” so forcefully declared by Roland Barthes over fifty years ago, change the contours of this search? This volume brings together leading experts…[Read more]

Does “authorship” still have a place in the study of the Hebrew Bible? Historical criticism has long sought to uncover the human authors behind the biblical texts. But how might the “death of the author,” so forcefully declared by Roland Barthes over fifty years ago, change the contours of this search? This volume brings together leading experts…[Read more]

This work provides new insights into the relationship between the Holiness legislation in Leviticus 17–26 and processes of cultic centralization in the Persian period. The author departs from the classical theory that Leviticus 17–26 merely presume, with minor modifications, a concept of centralization articulated in Deuteronomy. She shows how Lev…[Read more]

This work provides new insights into the relationship between the Holiness legislation in Leviticus 17–26 and processes of cultic centralization in the Persian period. The author departs from the classical theory that Leviticus 17–26 merely presume, with minor modifications, a concept of centralization articulated in Deuteronomy. She shows how Lev…[Read more]

Early Jewish writings are replete with narratives of warfare and collective violence. Yet relatively little scholarly attention has been paid to how these accounts of violence affected the way Jews structured their festal calendar. This essay examines the festivals described in 1 and 2 Maccabees that serve to commemorate the most impressive m…[Read more]

Early Jewish writings are replete with narratives of warfare and collective violence. Yet relatively little scholarly attention has been paid to how these accounts of violence affected the way Jews structured their festal calendar. This essay examines the festivals described in 1 and 2 Maccabees that serve to commemorate the most impressive m…[Read more]

This Open Access volume reveals how violent pasts were constructed by ancient Mediterranean societies, the ideologies they served, and the socio-political processes and institutions they facilitated. Combining case studies from Anatolia, Egypt, Greece, Israel/Judah, and Rome, it moves beyond essentialist dichotomies such as “victors” and “va…[Read more]