A goal for language learners is to function in plural languages according to their own needs and purposes. A bilingual perspective starts from that attainable goal. Learners in Japan tend to idealize L2 mastery or becoming bilingual, so it becomes other people’s business. Monolingual teachers tell students by their example, “go where I have not…[Read more]

The literary text is born with its criticism methodology and its criticizer. The creator
stretches his hands out to the reader/criticizer to take their first step towards the text
and remove any ambiguity, symbolism, or metaphors that may be present.
He extends bridges between him and the society that produced the text, or bluff to
find the…[Read more]

This abstract discusses the differences between learning English as a foreign language (EFL) and learning English as a
second language (ESL). The EFL is when English is learned in a non-English speaking nation where it is not the
primary communication medium, often for academic or professional reasons. In contrast, ESL is when English is…[Read more]

Abstract: “Broadcasting change: in empathic dialogue with Duffy and Jennings’s graphic novel adaptation of Octavia Butler’s Parable of the Sower,” analyzes the medium-specificity of the adaptation by applying a combined theoretical approach that incorporates cognitive narratology and narrative empathy. A discursive dialogue between the two media…[Read more]

This is a poem about fire.

This is a poem about fire.

This article invites the reading of Fernando Pessoa’s Fausto as a rhizomatic work, via three different critical lenses that lead to plurality: Traditions, Transcriptions, and Translations. Regarding different Faustian traditions, instead of seeing Pessoa’s Fausto merely as a competition with Goethe (as proposed by Eduardo Lourenço in his pref…[Read more]