This study explores the changing relationship of communities in Colonial and Post-colonial Urdu Literature. It attempts to map out the communal space in the symbolic world of literature given to the Christians over a century by Urdu fiction writers. In colonial India, the missionary activities especially for female education evoked different…[Read more]

Historicaql Synergies 1. The Sumerians created a palace/temple -economy with a centralized over-ruling organization which controlled crop production and distribution of some goods. A centralized government was necessary because the Sumerians subsisted on crops which required centralized irrigation systems. So, the Sumerian religious temple economy…[Read more]

Walang alinlangan na ang mga emosyon ay napakahalaga at napakahalaga sa pagproseso ng data at impormasyon, gayundin sa pang-araw-araw na paggana ng tao. Eric Klinger, na ang kadalubhasaan ay sa personality psychology at motivation theory, ay nakatuon sa mga impluwensya ng motibasyon at damdamin sa katalusan. Iminumungkahi ni Klinger ang isang…[Read more]

Lukács is widely recognized as being the first critical theorist to have explicitly developed the idea of a “standpoint theory”. According to such a theory, members of oppressed groups enjoy an epistemic privilege regarding the nature of their oppression. However, there is no agreement regarding what precise argument Lukács offers for his claim…[Read more]