Uno de los tópicos más habitualmente manejados alrededor de la figura del joven Fernando II de Aragón es la ausencia de una educación esmerada en el campo de las artes y las letras, la habitual en su época, junto a las inherentes lecciones militares, para todos los miembros del estamento regio. Se puede hablar de Lucio Marineo Sículo, el conoc…[Read more]

A pesar de que se trate de una tremenda obviedad, es obligado comenzar estas líneas destacando la forma totalmente distinta en que los historiadores se aproximan a una fuente escrita, los cancioneros castellanos, que, en principio, está destinada a ser campo de trabajo para el filólogo. Por encima del texto, por encima de la indudable riqueza fi…[Read more]

We present a model for pricing a path-dependent, equity-linked payoff. Here a bounded price return is calculated from an underlying index at certain pre-specified dates. The total return at maturity is given by the sum of the bounded price returns above, but where a specified number of the highest of these returns are set to a cap value.

A model is presented for pricing an American call option on stock. The option tenor is n years, and its strike price is increased every anniversary. It has also the following feature: if the stock price stays in excess of 200% of the current strike price during 10 consecutive trading days. The seller can issue a notice to the buyer that one half…[Read more]

No por ser una cita conocida, casi canónica, hay que dejar de mencionar que en la descripción inicial realizada por Miguel de Cervantes de su ingenioso protagonista, buena parte de la cualidad de hidalguía que adornaba al bueno de Alonso Quijano viene precisamente implícita en un régimen dietético que constaba de una olla de algo más vaca que ca…[Read more]

En el bien conocido Romance de Durandarte (ID 0882, 11CG-465 fol. 137r: “Durandarte, Durandarte”)2, una de las más famosas y bien estudiadas piezas de nuestro romancero medieval (Dumanoir), su anónimo autor se atrevió a poner una amarga queja en boca de la dama declamante de los versos. Antes servida y amada mas ahora despechada, nuestra quejum…[Read more]

This introduction to the MLO special issue “Minoritised Languages and Travel” provides an overview of the pieces in this collection in context with historical travel accounts in German about nineteenth-century Wales.

The contributions in this collection lay bare frictions between traveller and travelee as well as the inherent instability of soc…[Read more]

El maestro Brian Dutton, en su Cancionero castellano del Siglo XV, incluyó también el Cancioneiro geral portugués (1516) recopilado por el polígrafo García de Resende. Las muchas composiciones del Cancioneiro geral compuestas en castellano, así como la existencia de cierta similitud cultural en el espacio común de la Península Ibérica, hacen po…[Read more]

The parapsychologist, Daryl Bem, through successfully repeated experiments demonstrated that precognition experiments do, in fact, produce consistently successful results. It began with Daryl Bem’s 2011 article about his original experiments which produced very significant results. That article got a lot of other researchers interested. Also,…[Read more]

The Cathars became a major movement, while having some influence in the Rhineland, Northern Italy and Northern France the movement was strongest in southern France (especially the Languedoc region) and northern Italy. By the 12th century the Cathar popular movement had gained a substantial following in urbanized southern France.
The dualistic…[Read more]

“Experience has shown pastoral caregivers that individuals do seem to cope better if they can “actualize” their spiritual experiences in times of crisis.”
A substantial amount of interest in spiritual experiences recently appears to be from a re-emergence of interest from the (unofficial) pastoral school of thought in psychology. For ins…[Read more]

1. Motivation: Spiritual beliefs as a Drive or Motivation.
When you talk to “spiritual people” – spiritual beliefs are not just a motivation but a very profound source of inspiration and a powerful drive. In contrast spirituality as a motivation is conspicuously absent from much of academia proper. Beginning in 2017, I did substantial research.…[Read more]

In Ingela Visuri’s study of autistic spiritual experiences, what struck me is the very distinct character of the autistics’ experiences. In Ingela Visuri’s words, “unexplainable sensory experiences” – invisible touch, invisible presence (i.e. bodies), and even imaginary friends. It would stand to reason that since this peculiar type of…[Read more]

A pesar de que ya el clásico de Cicerón sobre la amistad enfatizaba cuántos daño podría producirse al considerarla “como compañera de los vicios” en vez de “ayudante de las virtudes”, en realidad el concepto medieval de las malas amistades, dejando al margen el significado de ‘amistad’ como ‘tratado’ o ‘confederación’, se explica mejor en términ…[Read more]

Los procesos de enseñanza e investigación científica requieren fuentes y servicios de información actualizados. La Dirección de Información y Documentación Científico Técnica de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Cuba; ha identificado como problemática la existencia de escasos servicios de información que satisfagan las necesidade…[Read more]

The Four Primary Drives: The Need for Meaning, the Need to Belong, the Need for Ideology, and the Spiritual Drive
Religious beliefs are primarily created and generated by four very basic and fundamental “Needs” or “Drives.” From a rather practical and pragmatic approach, in general, religions could be said to involve meaning or purpose, others…[Read more]

George Barton, PhD: “Disaster and sorrow compel either a soul or a nation to seek anew the foundations of life. Times of sorrow are accordingly times of religious growth. The Babylonian exile was no exception. Indeed, the influence of this exile upon the religion of Israel was enormous. This was in part due to the fact that the exile was the e…[Read more]

We are shaped by our thoughts; we become what we think. And It is crystal clear that some psychologists play with human consciousness as if it were their toy! Human consciousness is not psychologists’ personal plaything!

“We are shaped by our thoughts; we become what we think. When the mind is pure, joy follows like a shadow that never…[Read more]

Logic as a philosophical discipline underwent a radical change from the argumentative perspective of the new rhetoric. This approach, although it had already been approached theoretically and epistemologically, did not take off until the publication of the text Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. This led to the division of logic into two areas:…[Read more]