This chapter examines how twentieth century Iranian readers situated Jane Eyre within the classical genre of romance literature (adabiyāt-i ʿāshiqāna), originating from the tradition of love narratives in verse (ʿishq-nāma) pioneered by the twelfth century Persian poet Nizami Ganjevi. While romance is only one among several of the original Jane…[Read more]

The Meaning of Meaning As a metaphor, which might give a better perspective of meaning, could possibly be compared to the role and purpose of blood in physiology and the human body. Meaning, like blood is essential to life. We live and breathe meaning. That’s what our world is made of-meaning. Similar to how blood circulates through our body and…[Read more]

Paul Klee, a German artist, highlighted the eternal struggle of human beings to synthesize the “inner vision” with “outside experience.” “I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free.”-Michelangelo “Beauty is the illumination of the soul!”-Poet-Theologian O’Donohue, Art & the Unconscious Psyche-Psychic Life Carl Jung…[Read more]

Historicaql Synergies 1. The Sumerians created a palace/temple -economy with a centralized over-ruling organization which controlled crop production and distribution of some goods. A centralized government was necessary because the Sumerians subsisted on crops which required centralized irrigation systems. So, the Sumerian religious temple economy…[Read more]

Walang alinlangan na ang mga emosyon ay napakahalaga at napakahalaga sa pagproseso ng data at impormasyon, gayundin sa pang-araw-araw na paggana ng tao. Eric Klinger, na ang kadalubhasaan ay sa personality psychology at motivation theory, ay nakatuon sa mga impluwensya ng motibasyon at damdamin sa katalusan. Iminumungkahi ni Klinger ang isang…[Read more]

Teorya ng Apat na Pangangailangan na [sapat] Nagpapaliwanag at Naglalarawan sa Relihiyon Ang Apat na Pangunahing Drive: Ang Pangangailangan para sa Kahulugan, Ang Pangangailangan sa Pag-aari, Ang Pangangailangan para sa Ideolohiya, at ang Espirituwal na Drive Ang aking argumento ay ang mga paniniwala sa relihiyon ay pangunahing nilikha at nabuo ng…[Read more]

This essay shows that physicians of early Āyurveda adopted a pragmatic approach to the challenges dharma imposed on them. While the concept and its importance is generally accepted in the medical compendia, various passages stress the fact that good health is an indispensable precondition to pursue dharma and other goals of life. In the interests…[Read more]

My argument is that religious beliefs are primarily created and generated by four very basic and fundamental “Needs” or “Drives.” From a rather practical and pragmatic approach, in general, religions could be said to involve meaning or purpose, others and relationships, as well as structures and principles for both meaning, relationships, and gro…[Read more]

Karen Armstrong, In her book, The Case For God, opens with the discussion of the 300 plus caves in Southern France and Northern Spain which have amazingly artistic ‘prehistoric’ cave paintings of prehistoric animals many of whom are now extinct, some dating to 30,000 years ago. “In all there are about six hundred frescoes and fifteen hundred engra…[Read more]

This text consists of the ‘lectio praecursoria’ given at the defense of my doctoral dissertation “The Good Noblemen Who Conquered the Kingdom: Islam, Historiography, and Aristocratic Legitimation in Late-Medieval Portugal”. This dissertation deals with aristocratic historiography and political legitimation in late-medieval Portugal (late…[Read more]

Abstract: The causes of suffering are a central topic in Buddhism as well as in Ayurveda. The Pāli Canon and other early Buddhist texts like the Milindapañha mention eight specific causes resulting in disease or suffering at several places. In contrast, early Ayurveda, as presented in the Carakasaṃhitā, knows a threefold causal complex of dise…[Read more]

As educators, we are all familiar with Bloom’s Taxonomy and the way it progressively maps the cognitive activities involved in learning and constructing knowledge. Too often, however, we educators who work in writing-focused curricula ask our students to work in the higher-order cognitive domains of analysis and creation without necessarily giving…[Read more]