Modern Catholics, Protestants, and Orthodox Christians alike produced original teachings on law and politics, constructing them on distinct theological foundations, particularly their theology of human nature. But, until recent years, these Christian legal teachings did not penetrate Western legal education, given its pervasive devotion to legal positivism. With the rise of interdisciplinary legal studies, however, these teachings have begun to influence the law both in the West and beyond. This chapter introduces a score of major modern Christian thinkers whose views on law, politics, and human nature deserve closer study by jurists and theologians alike.