In the 7th essay of his Commentary on the Republic of Plato, Proclus supplies the elements of a fairly robust Neoplatonic political philosophy. In general he agrees with Plato’s account of the tripartite soul and the four cardinal virtues, while introducing important nuances into the theory. The idea of the dominance of one part of the soul over a…[Read more]

Catalog essay for “Brotherville,” photographic exhibition by Farah Al Qasimi

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. When human knowledge of the…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of knowledge of the human environment. The invention of glass and microscopes and telescopes, substantially increased human knowledge of the human environment. Microscopes and telescopes would not have been possible without the prior discovery of…[Read more]

The invention of photography was only possible due to the camera obscura effect which produces an upside down image of a scene on the back wall of a box when light is reflected through a tiny hole in the box. The camera obscura effect has been known since classical times. The invention of photography required that the image be fixed and…[Read more]

The invention of motion pictures was only possible due to the prior discovery of the phenomenon of persistence of vision, the prior invention of photography and the ability to produce photographs with very brief exposure times. These discoveries were necessary before motion pictures could be invented, and given how human beings like to be…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. The human environment includes the…[Read more]

This paper was written in order to study the development of stone tool technology throughout the Paleolithic. It finds the technology developed, with the simplest discoveries being made first and more complex discoveries being made later. The chemical structure and the properties of the raw materials determined that stone tools could be useful to…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment, including plants and animals, to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the plants and animals in their environment enables human needs to be met in a…[Read more]

Deux controverses ont marqué (et continuent de le faire) la discipline des relations internationales.
La première est une controverse philosophique qui porte sur la nature du milieu international (entre «paix précaire» et « état de guerre») et continue, aujourd’hui encore, de diviser les auteurs.
La seconde est une controverse sur la nature de…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. The materials in the human…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. Humans have a need to communicate and the…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of the environment enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. Humans have a need to communicate, as they…[Read more]

Les fondements politiques modernes d’une économie sans règle ni contraintes pour ses principaux agents sont à chercher aux Etats-Unis, dans une opposition, largement partagée, parmi ses supporters, aux réformes « libérales » (de gauche dans ce pays ») » contenues dans le New Deal (1933-1938). Engagées par un président démocrate Franklin D. Ro…[Read more]

C’est dans un contexte historique bien particulier, la seconde guerre mondiale, puis la guerre froide, et dans un pays (les Etats-Unis) qui se pose en leader du combat contre le communisme mondial et la socialisation de l’Economie, que des chercheurs en sciences économiques vont élaborer les cadres conceptuels et théoriques qui deviendront autant…[Read more]

Il est un « conte de fées » – issu de médias ne pratiquant pas la distanciation critique déontologiquement requise par rapport à leurs principaux actionnaires – selon lequel les organisations représentatives de la société civile et du monde des affaires exerceraient, dans les mêmes conditions, des pressions sur la décision politique pour assur…[Read more]

Plusieurs grandes idées président au développement des mythes et habitudes collectives caractérisant les Américains en société, à tout moment de leur histoire.

C’est dans ce registre, dont les thèmes traversent l’histoire des Etats-Unis et les partis politiques, que les « intellectuels organiques » (au sens Gramscien du terme) ou les manipul…[Read more]

Dini çoğulculuk, dini dışlayıcılık ve kapsayıcılıktan farklı olarak, her dinsel inanış taraftarlarının kendi dinleri içinde kalarak ilahi selamete erişeceğini söyler. Temelde, teolojik ve felsefi boyutları olan dini çoğulculuk tartışmasının siyasete bakan bir yönü de vardır. İslam tarihinde Meşşâî felsefenin kurucusu ve mutluluk filozofu ola…[Read more]

Dini çoğulculuk, dini dışlayıcılık ve kapsayıcılıktan farklı olarak, her dinsel inanış taraftarlarının kendi dinleri içinde kalarak ilahi selamete erişeceğini söyler. Temelde, teolojik ve felsefi boyutları olan dini çoğulculuk tartışmasının siyasete bakan bir yönü de vardır. İslam tarihinde Meşşâî felsefenin kurucusu ve mutluluk filozofu ola…[Read more]

The ultimate cause of much historical, social and cultural change is the gradual accumulation of human knowledge of the environment. Human beings use the materials in their environment, including fire and metals, to meet their needs and increased human knowledge of fire and metals enables human needs to be met in a more efficient manner. Fire and…[Read more]