The Four Primary Drives: The Need for Meaning, the Need to Belong, the Need for Ideology, and the Spiritual Drive
Religious beliefs are primarily created and generated by four very basic and fundamental “Needs” or “Drives.” From a rather practical and pragmatic approach, in general, religions could be said to involve meaning or purpose, others…[Read more]

The Academic Materialist driven Extreme Escapism of Materialist Psychologists
and Jung’s Accurate “Mar’s Prophecy” – so Recently Proven True.
A journalist’s question to Carl Jung: Do you think that, in twenty years, anyone will care about the spirit of symbols, fully in the era of interplanetary journeys, with the Sputniks, the Gagarins, and…[Read more]

Geertz, perhaps the most influential of the anthropologists, contends that symbolism and meaning are central to religion: “The view of man as a symbolizing, conceptualizing, meaning-seeking animal, which has become increasingly popular both in the social sciences and in philosophy over the past several years, opens up a whole new approach not o…[Read more]

Summary of the book “Science Still Born” (2001), presented at the XXIst International Congress of History of Science, Mexico City, Mexico, July 8-14, 2001. // Resumen del libro “Amistad y Progreso” (2001), presentado en el XXI Congreso Internacional de la Historia de la Ciencia, Ciudad de Mexico, 8-14 de julio del 2001.

Part of a special issue “Making Animal Materials in Time” (HSNS 53, no. 3)

While the colonial and modern history of epidemics in South Asia is well researched, the earlier developments of this subject area have hardly been studied. The project Epidemics and Crisis Management in Pre-modern South Asia aims to fill part of this gap by exploring the intellectual history of epidemics and similar disasters in South Asia and…[Read more]

Anna Morandi Manzolini (1714–1774), a Bolognese wax sculptor, overcame humble origins to become one of the most important anatomical artists of the eighteenth century. Working with her husband Giovanni Manzolini (c. 1700–1755), and continuing alone after his death, Morandi created remarkably lifelike and anatomically accurate wax models of the sen…[Read more]

1. Gergen argues that situations which human beings didn’t understand or deal with appropriately would inflict painful lessons – providing a conditioning or predisposition for learning. “In the Darwinian sense, the ability to conceptualize has survival value. To be more specific, concepts are valuable tools in problem solving.” (p.23) “In ess…[Read more]

There is no doubt whatsoever that emotions are very important and highly significant in the processing of data and information, as well as in the day-to day functioning of the human being. Eric Klinger, whose expertise is in personality psychology and motivation theory, focuses on the influences of motivation and emotion on cognition. Klinger…[Read more]

Writing Assessment Literacy (WAL). However, it is neglected in Iranian context. Taking the importance of academic qualification, writing proficiency and teaching experience with regard to writing assessment, the present quantitative study made attempt to investigate the effect of academic qualification, writing proficiency and teaching experience…[Read more]

Word acquisition was one of the important and essential parts for language learning. One of the learning difficulties that many L2 learners at all ages and proficiency levels face was meaningful vocabulary learning and retention as opposed to rote memorization of L2 words. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the effectiveness of the…[Read more]

Due to subjectivity in oral assessment, much concentration has been put on obtaining a satisfactory measure of consistency among raters. However, obtaining consistency might not result in valid decisions. One matter that is at the core of both reliability and validity in oral performance is rater training. Recently, the Multifaceted Rasch…[Read more]

Public health defines to the collective efforts and actions taken by society to promote and protect the health and well-being of its population. It encompasses various strategies, policies, and interventions aimed at preventing diseases, prolonging life, and improving the overall quality of life for individuals and communities.

This book brings together thirteen contributors from diverse backgrounds – mean and women born in Cameroon, England, Scotland, South Africa, Zambia. What they all have in common is years of service within their respective communities, working individually and within projects and programmes, with both young people and adults to build social c…[Read more]

Chapter 10 Book Review

In this paper, I argue that Hygieia has to be viewed as a full goddess in Greek religion and medicine, with a special focus on her position within the Asklepios cult. I will examine her identity, to which scholars attribute several labels like goddess, abstraction and personification. I further argue that Hygieia’s role in performing incubation r…[Read more]

The present paper aims to investigate the role of anthropology in the development of Ritual Studies as an inter-disciplinary platform, with a focus on ritual dynamics by using a historiographic description, focusing on thetransition of Greco-Roman to Christian culture. This study attempts to shed light not only on the contributionof anthropology…[Read more]

इस आलेख में मैंने देखने की कोशिश कि कोविड की रोकथाम के लिए उठाए गए अतिरेकपूर्ण कदमों के कारण दुनिया में क्या स्थितियाँ उत्पन्न होने वाली हैं। विशेष तौर पर सामाजिक वंचना झेल रहे मानव-समुदायों पर इसका क्या प्रभाव पड़ने वाला है। आलेख में भारत के उन शोषित समुदायों को केंद्र में रखा गया है, जो भारतीय आबादी का बहुसंख्यक हिस्सा हैं। इस बहुसंख्या में…[Read more]

Teaching role of library staff is studied as established in the national and international professional frameworks and guidelines (CCB, REBIUN, ECIA, ALA, ACRL, IFLA), as well as the main aspects dealt with in professional literature. The specialized and academic publications analyzed deal with aspects such as the evolution of the concept; the…[Read more]

This paper offers an articulation of a teaching methodology that I call Gamemaking in Education (GME). This educational approach emphasizes student gamemaking rather than gameplay. In this paper, I discuss what GME is, review some cases in which other educators have used what might be called GME in college classrooms, and situate GME as an…[Read more]