This chapter focuses on the Tokugawa-Meiji transition period in the Japanese archipelago. It discusses the question of the perceived poor prospects for the transplantation of a “parliament” onto Japanese soil. The Japanese system itself, on which the new parliament was premised, hovered between a centralized unitary state and an extremely…[Read more]

The article examines the relationship between the late Qing constitutional movement of 1905–1911 and the vast borderland regions of the Qing Empire–that is, Mongolia, Tibet, and Xinjiang. It traces how intellectuals and officials concerned with devising constitutional policies foresaw the integration of these regions into the nascent par…[Read more]