This essay provides a brief overview of the base-superstructure model for social analysis, which is then
applied to the problem of school funding inequality in Pennsylvania. A review of contemporary data, followed
by a discussion of the historical practices and institutions behind these data, along with recent survey attempts
to address funding…[Read more]

“Ideology” has fallen out of favor as a term of art. Terms like “equity,” “bias,” “gap,” “discourse,” “norm,” various “isms,” “consciousness,” “experience,” and “policy” tend to appear in scholarly and mainstream education dialogue when it comes to social-political practices. Yet the term is important both historically and for the present day. A…[Read more]

“Ideology” has fallen out of favor as a term of art. Terms like “equity,” “bias,” “gap,” “discourse,” “norm,” various “isms,” “consciousness,” “experience,” and “policy” tend to appear in scholarly and mainstream education dialogue when it comes to social-political practices. Yet the term is important both historically and for the present day. A…[Read more]