This article re-analyses in detail the meaning of the expression ludi Graeci which appears in two of Cicero’s letters (Ad Fam. 7,1 and Ad Att. 15,5). A careful examination of the first instance reveals that ludi Graeci indeed referred to theatrical performances in Greek language and not merely to Latin plays that followed Greek models. A brief s…[Read more]

This paper surveys potential counterparts of the ancient Egyptian concept of mAat (maat) from other cultures and summarises such cross-cultural studies as have already been completed. Its scope ranges from antiquity to the present day and across Europe, Africa, the Near East, India, China, Australia and the Americas. Paradigms that appear to…[Read more]

This issue of the PJES brings five new papers: E. M. Forster’s Last Love by Peter J Conradi Redeeming Time: Henry V’s Transition from ‘Comedian’ to King by David Livingstone Escaping the Women’s Sphere by Jana Valová Principles of Mood Selection in Psalm 20: A Diachronic Study on Psalm Translations from Old to Late Modern English by Kinga Lis…[Read more]

Issue of the PJES dedicated to old age in literature CONTENTS From the Editor Ageing into Old Age: Literary Conclusions and New Beginnings Katarzyna Bronk-Bacon, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań Ann Radcliffe’s Ruminations on the Ageing Body in The Romance of the Forest (1791) Roslyn Joy Irving, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Univ…[Read more]

article + 6 photographs from the Manuscriptistan Project

The present article challenges Walter C. Kaiser, Jr’s influential proposal for evangelical Old Testament missiology. Out of concern to avoid an understanding of “Israel as God’s favored or pet nation,” Kaiser argues that God’s promise to Abraham in Gen 12:3 is for the sake of all nations, and as such, “the first Great Commission mandate of…[Read more]

Sicily – and especially Syracuse – seems to have had an ongoing preoccupation with paired eyes as an apotropaic or magico-religious symbol. This brief paper explores some signature pieces and speculates that the excised eyes of Santa Lucia, patron saint of Syracuse, may be but a recent embodiment of a propensity that dates back to the Neolithic era.

Abstract: The causes of suffering are a central topic in Buddhism as well as in Ayurveda. The Pāli Canon and other early Buddhist texts like the Milindapañha mention eight specific causes resulting in disease or suffering at several places. In contrast, early Ayurveda, as presented in the Carakasaṃhitā, knows a threefold causal complex of dise…[Read more]

As educators, we are all familiar with Bloom’s Taxonomy and the way it progressively maps the cognitive activities involved in learning and constructing knowledge. Too often, however, we educators who work in writing-focused curricula ask our students to work in the higher-order cognitive domains of analysis and creation without necessarily giving…[Read more]

Teaching the fundamentals of writing composition shouldn’t be boring. It should be active, engaging, and EMPOWERING! Most students, whether they consciously articulate it or not, want to vanquish their writing anxiety. They want to develop confidence in their ability to compose and revise strong prose that will help them thrive in coursework and…[Read more]

In courses that end in summative final exams or capstone projects, it can be challenging to get students to pull back and identify the learning that they’ve done across an entire unit or semester rather than only focus on the learning they’ve undertaken most recently. As part of our larger sequence of active-learning-based lesson plans designed to…[Read more]

At Christmas, Christians celebrate that Jesus was born on December 25 as the son of God andthe Virgin Mary. But this event is not unique. In this article, I show that the birth of Jesus hasseveral non-Christian predecessors, whereby various elements of the ritual dynamics have beenChristianized and implemented into the figure we know today as Jesus Christ.

Sinabi ni Ramon Reyes: Kung ituturing nating relihiyon ang pangunahing dimensyon ng tao kung saan iniuugnay niya ang sagrado, sa “lampas,” sa nagbibigay ng batayan at pinakahuling kahulugan ng kanyang pang-araw-araw na pag-iral, kung gayon ang mga animistikong paniniwala at gawain ng ang mga unang Pilipino ay magiging kuwalipikado bilang…[Read more]

Erica Hill emphasizes, “Their thoughts and actions established and maintained relationships with prey animals and may be more productively conceptualized as dynamic social behaviours embedded within the context of daily life than as privileged ritual acts.”
It would appear readily apparent that in many different ways spiritual and religious bel…[Read more]