This brief Article introduces the highly original theory of equality of two distinguished Catholic legal scholars. They root their argument in a reconstructed theory that human beings are created with the divine invitation to moral self-perfection, however impossible this state is for anyone to achieve in this life. Humans can still, however, achieve goodness in objective good intentions and doing the best they can to discover and perform certain good actions. This Article places this argument in historical context, compares it other theories of equality based on reason, will, and dignity, and judges it to be a refreshing new way of thinking about human equality, liberty, and capability.