The article presents various issues connected with cooperation between literary translators and their editors in the process of publication of translations of literary works within the frame of reference of Polish publishing market of the recent decades. The author proposes a list of qualities which should be expected from a good editor of literary translations. The issue of training editors specializing in working with translators is discussed as well, although the author stresses the importance of practice over theoretical education, available on a rather limited scale in Poland. Further part of the article warns against possible dangers resulting from editors’ lack of competence. The importance of “peer edition” is also stressed as an important stage in the process of translation.